A short note on Nutritional Protocol for Asthma in the field of Food and Clinical Nutrition

Asthma is a common disorder that is currently managed with suppression of symptoms. This review looks at mitigating some of the physiological mechanism that leads to this complex and sometimes difficult to control disease. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that a deficiency in the glutathione S-transferase M1 gene predisposed an individual to becoming asthmatic due to increased oxidative stress. Ozone, tobacco smoke exposure and diesel exhaust particles are particularly damaging to the lungs in the absence of this gene.

Asthma is divided into two main categories, intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic asthma is due to hypersensitivity of the airways independent of antibodies. These sensitivities can include chemicals, exercise, complement activation, cold air, infection, and emotional stress. Extrinsic asthma is due to increased levels of IgE in the plasma.

Autonomic Nervous System
Stimulation of the vagus nerve (parasympathetic) causes the release of Ach and the formation of cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) and constriction of the airways. Conversely, sympathetic stimulation of beta2 adrenergic receptors (localized in the lungs) and the formation of cAMP, leads to bronchodilation. A relative deficiency of cAMP, or the overproduction of cGMP or both, leads to airway constriction and degranulation of mast cells.

The adrenal gland plays a critical role in this balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation of the airways. Cortisol has an effect of increasing the sensitivity of beta2 adrenergic receptors, and epinephrine is the prime stimulators of these receptors. It is thought that during an asthma attack, there is a deficiency of both, leading to the predominance of cGMP and an underproduction of cAMP leading to bronchiole constriction.

Conclusion
Asthma is a common disease that can have a significant impact on a person’s overall health and well-being. The current approach to treating asthma is the use pharmaceuticals that manage or supress the symptoms rather than positively affect the pathophysiology of the disease. These pharmaceuticals are not without risk. Adding anti-inflammatory agents along with additional natural substances can have a positive effect on the development of asthma, as well as the pathological changes observed in the respiratory tract of patients with chronic asthma.

Journal of Food and Clinical Nutrition is an international peer reviewed journal that publishes recent research developments made in the field of food science and nutrition biology. The journal provides an open access platform for the dissemination of the latest developments in the field of food and nutrition.

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Contact Details
Aaron Province
Managing Editor
Journal of Food and Clinical Nutrition
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